• • Abstract This chapter presents a method to evaluate the performance and to support product development of adaptive micro- and nanobased material and technologies, integrated into buildings. In the first section, an introduction to adaptive building concepts is provided, followed by an overview of adaptive micro- and nanomaterials for building envelope integration in the second part. The role of building simulation in the development of innovative adaptive materials and technologies is discussed in the third section, together with the limitations and challenges of predicting by means of computation the performance of adaptive materials. The most advanced methodologies and the characteristics of the tools to support product development for building-integrated adaptive materials and technologies are presented in the fourth section.
Finally, a case study is described to demonstrate and illustrate some of the potential of those methodologies, consisting in the evaluation of the performance of future generation adaptive glazing. Acknowledgements This chapter is based on an earlier published paper: Favoino et al. ( ) “The optimal thermo-optical properties and energy saving potential of adaptive glazing technologies”, Applied Energy 156, 1–15. This paper is under CC-BY licence, and it is herewith revised, expanded and updated. Firebird Php Generator Professional Property on this page.
The author would like to acknowledge EPSRC to sponsor the open access availability of the aforementioned paper; Eng. Roel Loonen, researcher at the Department of the Built Environment, University of Eindhoven, for providing continuous debate, collaboration and inspiration to this work; Dr. Mauro Overend, senior lecturer at the Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, for his support and feedback on this work; and Eng. Maite Santiuste Cardano, for the proof reading.
European energy politics, usually focused on the single building scale, are now broadening their field of interest towards a wider context, defining more adequate intervention strategies aiming at facilitating virtuous relationship between buildings at district, city and region levels. Themes related to human comfort are properly considered as well, both at physical and social level, namely relational comfort between people living in the same built environment. Again, relationship is the key word. In this context, university student residences have been often studied as large buildings hosting several and complex functions, where people with different habits, education, origins and culture live together. Besides, dorms have particular relationships with the city, often acting as places for urban regeneration.
The study presented here concerns the analysis of the recent San Bartolomeo student dorm, performed with focus groups with the occupants and questionnaires, on-site monitoring survey and energy modelling in transient state. Groove Tubes Dual 75 Manual Lymphatic Drainage. The purpose is to present a comprehensive study on the constructive and energetic aspects of existing building complexes, in order to define a possible procedure aimed at considering the overall comfort level of the living community and the interaction with the urban surrounding from an operational and social point of view. European Commission. Directive 31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast). Brussels, 2010.
2: Catholic University College, Sustainable building, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, B-9000. The quasi steady-state calculation method (based on EN ISO 13790) is commonly used for. Quasi steady-state calculation method; gain utilization factor; school buildings; intermittency.
Carlisle N, Van Geet O and Pless S. Definition of a “zero net energy” community. Technical Report NREL/TP-7A2-46065. Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2009. Guy, S, Shove, E. The sociology of energy, buildings and the environment: constructing knowledge, designing practice, 1st ed.
London: Routledge, 2001. Xu, X, Taylor, JE, Pisello, AL, Culligan, PJ. The impact of place-based affiliation networks on energy conservation: an holistic model that integrates the influence of buildings, residents and the neighbourhood context. Energy Build 2012; 55: 636– 646., 5.
Hoes, P, Hensen, JLM, Loomans, MG, Vries, B, Bourgeois, D. User behavior in whole building simulation. Energy Build 2009; 41: 295– 302., 6. Thomsen, J, Eikemo, TA. Aspects of student housing satisfaction: a quantitative study.
J Housing Built Environ 2010; 25: 273– 293., 7. Hauge, A, Kolstad, A. Dwelling as an expression of identity. A comparative study among residents in high-priced and low-priced neighbourhoods in Norway. Housing Theory Soc 2007; 24: 272– 292., 8.
Zanon, B, Verones, S. Climate change, urban energy and planning practices. Land management tools innovation in the recent Italian experience. Land Use Policy 2013; 32: 343– 355., 9.
Brown, Z, Cole, RJ. Influence of occupants knowledge on comfort expectations and behaviour. Build Res Inform 2009; 37: 227– 245., 10. Mahdavi A and Proglhof C. User behavior and energy performance in buildings. In: Internationalen Energiewirtschaftstagung an der TU Wien 2009: Proceedings of 6 th IEWT Conference, Wien, Austria, 11–13 February 2009, pp.1–13. Man, climate and architecture, 2nd ed.
London: Applied Science Publishers, 1976. Energy and the city: density, buildings and transport. Energy Build 2003; 35: 3– 14., 13. A holistic approach to energy efficient building forms. Energy Build 2009; 42: 1437– 1444., 14. An intelligent and responsive architecture. Automat Constr 1997; 6: 381– 393., 15.
Clements-Croome, D. Intelligent buildings: design, management and operation, 2nd ed. London: ICE Publishing, 2013. Residential location affects travel behaviour?
But how and why? The case of Copenhagen metropolitan area. Prog Plan 2005; 63: 167– 257., 17. Van der Ryn, S, Silverstein, M. Dorms at Berkeley, an environmental analysis, Berkeley: California University, 1967. Research on the indoors thermal environment of student dormitory in universities, Xi’an: Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 2003. Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.
Smart cities: background paper, London: UK Government, 2013. Opera Universitaria di Trento 1991–2011.
Trento: Opera Universitaria di Trento, 2011. A world of strangers, New York: Basic Books, 1973. Ergonomics of the thermal environment – assessment of the influence of the thermal environment using subjective judgement scales (ISO ), Brussels: European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 2001. EN ISO 7730:2005. Ergonomics of the thermal environment – analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria (ISO 7730:2005), Brussels: European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 2005. Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics, Brussels: European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 2007.
Thermal performance of building components. Dynamic thermal characteristics.
Calculation methods, Brussels: European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 2007. Architecture as environment, London: Cassel, 1978.