Graitec Advance Steel Cracks

The program offers an advanced tool, the Drawing Style Manager, which allows configuring the automatic detailing so that the created details meet any company standards, customer request or project specifications. Thus, the element representation, labels and dimensions can be configured. In a drawing style the following can be configured: • The view definition which can be relative to a reference plane from the model or relative to object position.

International codes. Structural analysis. BIM SOFTWARE FOR FEM STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. INCLUDING INTERNATIONAL DESIGN CODE. Including cracking analysis, EC3 for dimensioning steel sections and connections. With Advance Design, you can handle concrete, steel and timber members.

• Object representation and labeling - An object can be represented with various line types, also, the label content and the label text format can be set. • Object dimensions and the dimension line position. According to the object geometry, all necessary dimensions are created: linear dimensions (horizontal, vertical, sloped), radial and angular dimensions. The dimensions are relative or absolute. The level dimension is represented using a specific symbol. The dimension line position can be configured so that element geometry is not overlapped. The element points can be dimensioned relative to an element - useful when dimensioning object processings - or relative to the main part - useful for dimensioning the attached parts.

• At first, all single parts and assemblies should be automatically numbered using the numbering tool. • An assembly consists of a main part and an attached part. For the given structure, the column is the main part of an assembly and the tie beam becomes the main part of another assembly.

• After numbering, parts with the same geometry, material properties, coating, commodity and behavior will receive the same part mark. • Assemblies with identical attached parts identically placed on the main part will have the same assembly mark. • Once the model is numbered, it is recommended to carry out a series of error checks to correct elements with duplicate part marks, unmarked elements, etc. Advance Steel provides all the necessary tools, so that mistakes in the structured BOM and detailed drawings (and the associated costs) are avoided.

• All drawings are created automatically according to the selected drawing style. Stairs and railings drawing styles For stairs and railings special drawing styles are available allowing automatic creation of drawings containing: • 2D and 3D views • Details for railings • Details for stairs and landings The various functionalities for steel construction detailing have been developed in order to get maximum productivity and quality in creating drawings that meet exactly the requirements. Practically, any drawing, with all necessary information can be created using the appropriate settings.

System is dedicated to structural engineers who require a comprehensive solution for simulating and optimizing all their projects. It includes a user-friendly structural modeler, automatic load and combination generators, a powerful FEM analysis engine (static, dynamic, time history, non linear, buckling, large displacement analysis, etc.), comprehensive wizards for designing concrete and steel members according to Eurocodes, efficient result post-processing, and automatic report generators.

Some of the features of Advance Design are a new design module for timber frames to Eurocode 5 (German, English, French, Romanian and Czech National Appendices), calculation of cracked inertia for linear and planar elements, implementation of the Baumann method for reinforcement plates to Eurocode 2, verification of stresses and crack openings as a function of the real reinforcement implemented in the element for Eurocode 2 (EN 1992-1-1). Main information regarding stresses and crack openings Seismic design of structures is mainly focused on developing a favorable plastic mechanism to render the structure strength, ductility, and stability. The behavior of a structure regarding the action of a major earthquake is anything but ductile, taking into account the oscillating nature of the seismic action and the fact that plastic hinges appear rather randomly. To achieve the requirements of ductility, structural elements, and thus the entire structural system must be able to dissipate the energy induced by the seismic action, without substantial reduction of resistance. Both Romanian seismic design code P100-1/2006 and Romanian standard SR EN 1998-1, provide a method for prioritizing structural resilience ('capacity design method') in order to better choose the necessary mechanism for dissipation ofenergy. Determination of the design efforts and the efforts for elements will be in accordance to the rules of this method.

Constructive measures for meeting the local and global ductility Checking the stresses and the crack openings is a requirement - they must be limited, otherwise it would affect the proper functioning of the entire structure. Stresses and the crack openings to elements made of reinforced concrete are determined either by the loads applied during construction, stresses from the subsidence of foundations, temperature changes and temperature gradient, contractions, slow flow, etc. C - the concrete cover of the longitudinal reinforcements k 1 - the coefficient that takes into account the bond properties of the bonded reinforcement k 2 - the coefficient that takes into account the distribution of strain Φ - the diameter of the bars.

If using more diameters in the same section, an equivalent diameter shall be taken into account P P,eff - the effective reinforcement percentage, suitable to the effective concrete section, surrounding the tensioned reinforcement For k 3 and k 4, the recommended values from the National Appendix can be used. Jacques Derrida Glas Pdf Editor. Control of crack openings with no direct calculation This is a simplified method, which uses rules derived from the formulas for calculating crack openings. The minimum area of reinforcement is determined (the reinforcement must not yield as soon as the first crack occurs) following the limitations required by Eurocode 2, for reinforcement bars and the distance between them (according to Table 2). Checking the stresses and the crack openings involves a large number of iterations, which is hard to manage by manual calculation. ADVANCE Design allows automatic control of stresses and the crack openings.

Checking stresses and crack openings with Advance Design Since automatically performs the checking for the stresses and the crack openings, we will take as an example a circular tank made of reinforced concrete (Figure 1). Figure 1: Circular tank made of reinforced concrete The tank will be exposed to mechanical forces, as well as an alternating wet and dry environment (XC4 exposure class, in Table 4.1 of SR EN 1992-1-1). Therefore, we can use a certain type of concrete with a strength class C45/55.

The concrete cover is 5 cm thick, for the reinforced bars. The modeling of the tank was done with flat 'shell' elements (the number of degrees of freedom of this element is 6) with a thickness of 35 cm. The mesh size used for the finite element analysis is 0.8 meters.

The loads are determined by the weight of the elements and by the loading time of the fluid inside (water). After the finite element analysis and the checking with the 'Concrete Expert', the theoretical reinforcement areas which were obtained with.

ADVANCE Design 2012 are analyzed (), and the actual reinforcement is decided. So, for the selected elements in, we will select a reinforcement solution with individual bars on both directions, (Φ 16/14 cm, at the top and Φ 20/15 cm, at the bottom). Later, we can choose the reinforcement for the interior walls () and for the external walls (). In addition to the global reinforcement, for the external walls we chose a local reinforcement with individual bars, which is required only for a segment of the wall ().

The selected reinforcement is compliant with the stresses and crack openings, therefore checking the stresses and the crack openings is achieved. Figures 8 and 9 show the reinforcement stress for quasi-permanent loads. Sandu Ciorba Papu Download Fisierul Meu Mp3 on this page. The maximum value per unit for reinforcement is 192.67 N/mm 2 and must not exceed the value of k3 f yk = 0.8 500 N/mm 2= 400 N/mm 2 shown in SR EN 1992-1-1 Clause 7.2 (5). Conclusions Advance Design can achieve effective control for stresses and the crack openings under Eurocode 2 - National Appendix, allowing control of the distance between cracks, throughout the real reinforcement used (reinforced fabrics or individual reinforced bars), thereby avoiding a situation in which the crack opening exceeds certain acceptable limits.